The severe flexible flatfoot: a combined reconstructive procedure with rerouting of the tibialis anterior tendon.

Abstract

A combined procedure is described that addresses all the components at fault in the severely flexible flatfoot deformity in children. The Evans calcaneal distraction wedge osteotomy will lengthen the lateral column, correcting the heel valgus and forefoot abduction. A naviculo--first cuneiform wedge resection (medial and plantar) and fusion will shorten and reshape the collapsed medial arch. This is augmented by reconstruction and plication of the lengthened plantar ligaments, with plantar rerouting of the tibialis anterior tendon to act as a strong plantar ligament. In addition, shifting the tibialis anterior's pull proximally acts as a sling to the talar head. Z plasty of the tight tendo Achillis is always needed. Nineteen feet in 11 patients were the subject of this study. The period of follow-up ranged from 8 to 42 months. The results were assessed according to the relief of foot strain and calf pains, improvement in shoewear, general activity, and foot shape. To evaluate foot shape, reconstruction of the medial arch and heel posture were assessed. The children and parents were satisfied with the final results in 17 feet (89.5%). Improvement of the radiological measurements was evident and was statistically significant.