Increased contents of phospholipids, cholesterol, and lipid peroxides in decidua basalis in women with preeclampsia.

Abstract

Accelerated recovery from preeclampsia has been reported after postpartum curettage. Lipid deposition in decidual spiral arteries (acute atherosis) is a histologic feature of preeclampsia. Increased tissue content of lipids is associated with enhanced formation of lipid peroxides, which are compounds that may induce endothelial dysfunction. We hypothesized that the content of lipids and lipid peroxides is elevated in decidua basalis tissues of women with preeclampsia compared with those of women with uneventful pregnancies. Decidua basalis tissues were obtained with a vacuum aspiration technique during cesarean delivery from 30 preeclamptic and 34 uneventful pregnancies. Total cholesterol, phospholipids, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and lipid peroxides were quantified. Significantly elevated contents of phospholipids, total cholesterol, and lipid peroxides were found in preeclamptic decidua basalis tissues, whereas the contents of triglycerides and free fatty acids did not differ significantly from those of the control group. Decidua basalis tissues, with their elevated lipid content, may be a source of lipid compounds that can cause maternal endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia.