Lateral variations in Compressional/Shear velocities at the base of the mantle.

Wysession, ME; Langenhorst, A; Fouch, MJ; Fischer, KM; Al-Eqabi, GI; Shore, PJ; Clarke, TJ · Science · 1999

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Observations of core-diffracted P (Pdiff) and SH (SHdiff) waves recorded by the Missouri-to-Massachusetts (MOMA) seismic array show that the ratio of compressional (P) seismic velocities to horizontal shear (SH) velocities at the base of the mantle changes abruptly from beneath the mid-Pacific (VP/VS = 1.88, also the value predicted by reference Earth models) to beneath Alaska (VP/VS = 1.83). This change signifies a sudden lateral variation in material properties that may have a mineralogical or textural origin. A textural change could be a result of shear stresses induced during the arrival at the core of ancient lithosphere from the northern Pacific paleotrench.