Dynamic cardiomyoplasty in patients with end-stage heart failure: anaesthetic considerations.

Abstract

Dynamic cardiomyoplasty is used increasingly for patients with chronic heart failure, with approximately 500 cases having been performed. The latissimus dorsi muscle is prepared maintaining its vascular supply and the muscle flap is wrapped around the heart and connected to a cardiomyostimulator. The muscle is later stimulated synchronously with ventricular systole to augment the heart. Our experience of 22 patients with chronic heart failure (NYHA III-IV) undergoing dynamic cardiomyoplasty is described from the anaesthetist's point of view. Two patients are reported as case reports. The challenge is to manage patients with severely impaired left ventricular function, who do not obtain immediate benefit from the operation. Our experience supports the importance of early use of inotropic agents.