Mitochondrial maculopathy: geographic atrophy of the macula in the MELAS associated A to G 3243 mitochondrial DNA point mutation.

Abstract

To report ocular findings in the mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS syndrome) in a family with the A to G 3243 mitochondrial (mt) DNA point mutation. Case reports. Ocular findings are described from four family members with the MELAS associated A to G 3243 mt DNA point mutation. Findings included ophthalmoplegia, neurosensory deafness, reduction of photopic and scotopic electroretinogram b-wave amplitudes, and myopathy, as well as macular retinal pigment epithelial atrophy. No family members had nyctalopia, attenuation of retinal blood vessels, or retinal bone spicule pigmentation. The finding of slowly progressive macular retinal pigment epithelial atrophy expands the reported phenotypic diversity of patients with A3243G mt DNA mutations.