Effect of leukotriene and thromboxane antagonist on propranolol-induced bronchoconstriction.

Abstract

beta-adrenoreceptor blockers such as propranolol provoke bronchoconstriction only in asthmatic patients. Although cysteinyl leukotrienes (cLTs) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) have been proposed to be involved in the pathophysiology of asthma, the role of these lipid mediators in propranolol-induced bronchoconstriction (PIB) has not been evaluated in asthmatics. This study was conducted to elucidate it. Nine patients with stable asthma, in whom a 20% or more decrease in FEV(1) occurred by inhalation of 20 mg/ml or less propranolol, participated in this study. A cLT antagonist, pranlukast (225 mg twice a day), a TXA2 antagonist, seratrodast (80 mg once a day), and placebo were orally given for 2 wk in a randomized and double-blinded manner. The provocative concentration of propranolol causing a 20% fall in FEV(1) (PC(20)) was determined on the last day of each 2-wk treatment. Pranlukast, but not seratrodast, tented to increase FEV(1) compared with placebo (2.14 +/- 0.29 versus 1.99 +/- 0.34 L, p = 0.0543). Pranlukast or seratrodast did not affect the PC(20) in comparison with placebo. We conclude that cLTs or TXA2 are not involved in PIB of asthmatics.