Alveolar permeability and liquid absorption during partial liquid ventilation of rats with perflubron.

Abstract

We examined the effect of instilled perflubron (LiquiVent) on the transport properties of alveolar epithelium in anesthetized rats. Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate (1 to 4 ml) containing (125)I-albumin, [(3)H]mannitol and [(14)C] sucrose was instilled into airspaces either alone (n = 29), or with 1 (n = 21) or 2 (n = 12) ml perflubron and sampled 30 min later. Absorption was deduced from the changes in (125)I-albumin activity per unit volume in the airspace instillate, and changes in [(3)H]mannitol and [(14)C]sucrose activity per unit volume were used to evaluate the passive permeability of the alveolar-airway barrier. The rate of Ringer absorption depended on the volume instilled [0.38 (ml/h)/ml Ringer]. Perflubron (1 or 2 ml) increased Ringer absorption by 0.26 (p < 0. 001) and 0.19 ml/h (p < 0.05), respectively. However, 2 ml perflubron increased absorption less than did the same additional volume of Ringer (p < 0.001). The passive permeability of the alveolar-airway barrier increased exponentially with instilled Ringer volume. Sucrose/mannitol size selectivity was lost when Ringer volume was > 2 ml and albumin leaked from airspaces when it was 4 ml. Instillation of 2 ml perflubron prevented this increase in permeability, but 1 ml did not. No albumin leaked with perflubron even when the total volume of liquid in airspaces (Ringer + perflubron) was > 4 ml. These results suggest that perflubron can be beneficial in pulmonary edema by redistributing the alveolar liquid over a larger surface area, thus accelerating resorption. In addition, larger doses of perflubron may better preserve epithelial permeability during alveolar flooding.