Folic acid supplements are more effective than increased dietary folate intake in elevating serum folate levels.

Abstract

In 1992, recommendations were disseminated aimed at reducing the incidence of neural tube defects. Women were advised to increase consumption of folic acid supplements and dietary folates during the periconceptional period and a major integrated national campaign was launched to help achieve this. In this study we found that only one-quarter of the women with an uncomplicated obstetric history and 51% with a complicated obstetric history took supplements for the recommended time period. Dietary modification was extremely unusual. Serum analysis demonstrated that intake of folic acid supplements provides a greater elevation in serum folate levels than dietary food intake, suggesting dietary manipulation is an ineffective strategy and that efforts would be better focused on increasing supplement intake at a clinically important time. More effective education strategies are required, and since approximately one-third of pregnancies are unplanned, fortification of foods with folic acid is warranted.