Patients' perceptions of pain with spinal, intramuscular, and venous injections.

Lancet · 2000

cross_sectional · Level IV

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Abstract

Most of 46 patients believed that spinal injection would be more painful than intramuscular or intravenous injections. The reverse proved true: spinal injections were perceived to be less painful than the other two procedures. Intramuscular injections should be avoided. Local anaesthesia should be given for lumbar punctures and intravenous cannulation.