Primary banked scleral patch graft in the prevention of exposure of hydroxyapatite orbital implants.

Abstract

The most frequently reported complication of hydroxyapatite orbital implantation is exposure of the implant, which may result in infection or extrusion of the implant. This study describes the use of banked sclera patch grafts to prevent implant exposure. A retrospective noncomparative interventional case series. The procedure was performed on 110 patients over a 2-year period. Hydroxyapatite implantation was performed either at the time of enucleation or as a secondary procedure to correct postenucleation socket syndrome. A banked scleral patch graft from the second eye of the same donor was placed over a scleral-wrapped hydroxyapatite implant at the time of operation. The case records were reviewed retrospectively. The primary outcome measure was the number of patients who developed exposure of their hydroxyapatite implant. The number of patients who had a postoperative conjunctival wound dehiscence was also recorded. No patients developed exposure of the implant. A significant percentage of patients developed conjunctival wound dehiscence (33%). Further surgery was not required in any of these cases, because the dehiscence spontaneously reconjunctivalized over the surface of the scleral patch graft. Insertion of a banked scleral patch graft at the time of hydroxyapatite orbital implantation is an effective means of preventing implant exposure, even in more complex cases. It thereby reduces the morbidity resulting from the procedure and obviates the need for further surgery when there is breakdown of the conjunctival wound postoperatively.