Complex regional pain syndrome and chronic pain management in the lower extremity.

Abstract

CRPS is a difficult clinical entity to manage; it requires close and regimented follow-up to ensure that progress is being made. Early recognition is important so that treatment plans to prevent a long-standing or permanent disability made be instituted. Treatments such as physical therapy, medications, regional anesthesia, and neuromodulation may decrease their morbidity and return the patient to a more functional status.