Extracting work from a single heat bath via vanishing quantum coherence.

Scully, Marlan O; Zubairy, M Suhail; Agarwal, Girish S; Walther, Herbert · Science · 2003

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

We present here a quantum Carnot engine in which the atoms in the heat bath are given a small bit of quantum coherence. The induced quantum coherence becomes vanishingly small in the high-temperature limit at which we operate and the heat bath is essentially thermal. However, the phase phi, associated with the atomic coherence, provides a new control parameter that can be varied to increase the temperature of the radiation field and to extract work from a single heat bath. The deep physics behind the second law of thermodynamics is not violated; nevertheless, the quantum Carnot engine has certain features that are not possible in a classical engine.