HIV-1 Nef downregulates MHC-I by a PACS-1- and PI3K-regulated ARF6 endocytic pathway.
basic_science · Level V
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Abstract
The HIV-1 Nef-mediated downregulation of cell surface MHC-I molecules to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) enables HIV-1 to escape immune surveillance. However, the cellular pathway used by Nef to downregulate MHC-I is unknown. Here, we show that Nef and PACS-1 combine to usurp the ARF6 endocytic pathway by a PI3K-dependent process and downregulate cell surface MHC-I to the TGN. This mechanism requires the hierarchical actions of three Nef motifs-the acidic cluster 62EEEE(65), the SH3 domain binding site 72PXXP(75), and M(20)-in controlling PACS-1-dependent sorting to the TGN, ARF6 activation, and sequestering internalized MHC-I to the TGN, respectively. These data provide new insights into the cellular basis of HIV-1 immunoevasion.
Medical subject headings
- ADP-Ribosylation Factors
- Carrier Proteins
- Down-Regulation
- Endocytosis
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Products, nef
- Genes, MHC Class I
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases