Breast-milk infectivity in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected mothers.
rct · Level II
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 12599046.
- Also identified by PMC identifier 3382109.
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Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is transmitted through blood, genital secretions, and breast milk. The probability of heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 per sex act is.0003-.0015, but little is known regarding the risk of transmission per breast-milk exposure. We evaluated the probability of breast-milk transmission of HIV-1 per liter of breast milk ingested and per day of breast-feeding in a study of children born to HIV-1-infected mothers. The probability of breast-milk transmission of HIV-1 was.00064 per liter ingested and.00028 per day of breast-feeding. Breast-milk infectivity was significantly higher for mothers with more-advanced disease, as measured by prenatal HIV-1 RNA plasma levels and CD4 cell counts. The probability of HIV-1 infection per liter of breast milk ingested by an infant is similar in magnitude to the probability of heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 per unprotected sex act in adults.
Medical subject headings
- Breast Feeding
- HIV Infections
- HIV-1
- Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
- Milk, Human