Hematopoietic cell regulation by Rac1 and Rac2 guanosine triphosphatases.
basic_science · Level V
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Abstract
The Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) Rac1 and Rac2 are critical signaling regulators in mammalian cells. The deletion of both Rac1 and Rac2 murine alleles leads to a massive egress of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSC/Ps) into the blood from the marrow, whereas Rac1-/- but not Rac2-/- HSC/Ps fail to engraft in the bone marrow of irradiated recipient mice. In contrast, Rac2, but not Rac1, regulates superoxide production and directed migration in neutrophils, and in each cell type, the two GTPases play distinct roles in actin organization, cell survival, and proliferation. Thus, Rac1 and Rac2 regulate unique aspects of hematopoietic development and function.
Medical subject headings
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells
- Neutrophils
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
- rac GTP-Binding Proteins
- rac1 GTP-Binding Protein