Basilar artery thrombosis in a trauma patient. Case report and review of the literature.

Abstract

Thrombotic disease of the vertebrobasilar circulation is associated with a poor prognosis. It may occur in trauma patients, especially those with neck injuries and even several months after the initial insult. We report on the case of a young polytrauma patient, victim of a traffic accident, with associated cervical and thoracic spinal injuries resulting in paraplegia. Consciousness was not impaired initially, but during transfer to our hospital he became suddenly unconscious. An occluded basilar artery was found on angiography, but unfortunately we were unable to reopen the vessel with thrombolytic therapy. This case again proves that lesions of the vertebro-basilar system must always be suspected in neck injuries. Even after minor whiplash injuries, fatal basilar thrombosis may occur. A review of all reported cases of traumatic basilar artery thrombosis is given and the use of thrombolytic therapy is discussed.