Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. 2: genetic aspects of alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency: phenotypes and genetic modifiers of emphysema risk.

DeMeo, D L; Silverman, E K · Thorax · 2004

review · Level V

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Abstract

The genetic aspects of AAT deficiency and the variable manifestations of lung disease in PI Z individuals are reviewed. The role of modifying genetic factors which may interact with environmental factors (such as cigarette smoking) is discussed, and directions for future research are presented.

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