History and evolution of disc replacement.

Bono, Christopher M; Garfin, Steven R · Spine J · 2004

review · Level V

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Abstract

Total joint replacement has revolutionized the treatment of limb arthritides. Spinal arthroplasty is emerging as a treatment for spinal disc degeneration. The purpose of this review is to highlight the evolution of artificial interventions for nucleus and total disc replacement. This review will provide the foundation for the understanding of present and future technologies in the field.

Medical subject headings