Family history of primary movement disorders as a predictor for neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms.

Abstract

A genetic susceptibility to extrapyramidal symptoms caused by treatment with neuroleptic medication has been suggested. To identify predictor variables for neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms, particularly considering family history of primary movement disorders. We investigated 100 in-patients receiving a stable neuroleptic medication with regard to occurrence of extrapyramidal symptoms, drug history and detailed family history of primary movement disorders. Step-wise logistic regression analysis revealed that a positive family history was a significant predictor for lifetime prevalence of extrapyramidal symptoms, including reported and currently observed symptoms. The duration of exposure to neuroleptic medication and age were further predictors. Our findings underline the notion of genetic susceptibility for secondary extrapyramidal symptoms and suggest possible shared genetic factors in primary and secondary movement disorders as well as psychotic disorders.