Quality of life as predictor of weight loss in patients with head and neck cancer.

Abstract

The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate whether a relationship exists between malnutrition (> or =10% weight loss) and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with head and neck cancer and whether weight loss can be predicted with HRQL questionnaires. Weight and HRQL were monitored in 49 patients. HRQL was assessed longitudinally, using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), the EORTC Head and Neck Cancer module (QLQ-H&N35), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). At diagnosis, those patients who had a weight loss greater than 10% (n = 20) after treatment scored significantly worse on 15 of 28 HRQL variables than did patients who lost less (n = 29). The largest difference (Delta > or =20) was found for role functioning, fatigue, loss of appetite, global quality of life, sticky saliva, and swallowing. Differences in HRQL persisted even after 3 years. The fatigue scale was the only significant predictor of weight loss (p = .005) at diagnosis. Patients with head and neck cancer who are at risk of severe weight loss developing during treatment may be detected with the aid of HRQL questionnaires at diagnosis.