Posterior and anterior components of force during bite loading.

Abstract

Late anterior crowding of teeth has been associated with the anterior component of force (ACF) developed during biting. Possible physiologic mechanisms countering ACF, including the presence of a posterior component of force (PCF), are hypothesized. In this self-controlled study, 60 subjects aged 27.05+/-3.9 years were examined for ACF and PCF that were calculated as the change in tightness of a mandibular dental contact points from non-biting to biting state. Both ACF and PCF were found to develop simultaneously. However, the PCF was 4-7 folds smaller than the ACF (p<0.001). The ACF progressively declined by 10-20 folds (p<0.001) from the posterior to anterior dentition. The lateral incisor-canine contact point had the greatest ACF decline (63-74%). ACF effect on the anterior dentition is counteracted by a protective mechanism consisted of PCF, progressive dissipation of ACF, and canine blockage.