A new rhenanite (beta-NaCaPO(4)) and hydroxyapatite biphasic biomaterial for skeletal repair.

Abstract

Biphasic beta-rhenanite (beta-NaCaPO(4))-hydroxyapatite (Ca(10)(PO(4))(6)(OH)(2)) biomaterials were prepared by using a one-pot, solution-based synthesis procedure at the physiological pH of 7.4, followed by low-temperature (300-600 degrees C) calcination in air for 6 h. Calcination was for the sole purpose of crystallization. An aqueous solution of Ca(NO(3))(2). 4H(2)O was rapidly added to a solution of Na(2)HPO(4) and NaHCO(3), followed by immediate removal of gel-like, poorly-crystallized precursor precipitates from the mother liquors of pH 7.4. Freeze-dried precursors were found to be nanosize with an average particle size of 45 nm and a surface area of 128 m(2)/g. Upon calcination in air, precursor powders crystallized into biphasic (60% HA-40% rhenanite) biomaterials, while retaining their submicron particle sizes and high surface areas. beta-rhenanite is a high solubility sodium calcium phosphate phase. Samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, ICP-AES, TG, DTA, DSC, and surface area measurements.