Three-dimensional spinal and pelvic alignment in an asymptomatic population.

Abstract

A 3-dimensional (3-D) analysis of asymptomatic spinal and pelvic alignment. To obtain 3-D reference values of spinal and pelvic parameters, vertebral and intervertebral orientations. Referential values of spine and pelvis alignment are essential for the assessment of posture and balance. However, only 2-D referential values have been reported using standing sagittal radiographs, and, to our knowledge, no 3-D referential values have been reported to date. A biplanar radiographic technique was used to obtain the 3-D reconstruction of the spine and pelvis of 34 asymptomatic standing subjects. The 3-D values were calculated for most of the spinal and pelvic parameters. In addition, 3-D vertebral and intervertebral orientations were computed, and the apical and junctional zones were investigated. As reported in 2-D, a large variability and particular correlations were observed for the 3-D spinal and pelvic parameters. However, significant differences were found between 3-D and 2-D values. The 3-D vertebral and intervertebral sagittal rotations showed specific features in the apical and junctional zones of the asymptomatic spine. These data may be used as 3-D referential values of spinal and pelvic alignment.