Heel-off perturbation during gait initiation: biomechanical analysis using triaxial accelerometry and a force plate.

Abstract

This study analyzes the movements of the hips, shoulders and of the body center of gravity before and at heel-off, when step execution begins to initiate gait from an upright posture. The heel-off movement was considered as a dynamic perturbation induced by the stepping movement. The experimental paradigm used for studying this perturbation was the single-step movement, in which the initial posture and voluntary movements are identical to those of gait initiation. Data were collected from accelerometer recordings of the triaxial accelerations at the joints of the upper part of the body, and by calculating the triaxial accelerations of the center of gravity using force plate measurements. The resultant vectors were used to establish and compare the magnitude and direction of the accelerations at different joints, and from them, the roles of the pelvis and the scapular girdles with respect to the objectives of the gait movement.