Bioadjuvants for complex ankle and hindfoot reconstruction.

Abstract

Many reconstructive options exist for symptomatic hindfoot and ankle problems. Hindfoot and tibiotalar fusions are reliable procedures with consistent results. Unfortunately, many potential complications have been cited throughout the literature. Although the most important aspect in any fusion surgery is meticulous technique, advances in technology, including PRP, bone stimulators, and BMPs seem to be useful additions in the quest to achieve solid fusions with decreased complications.