The risk of retinal detachment in high myopia after small incision coaxial phacoemulsification.

Abstract

Report incidence and risk of retinal detachment (RD)after coaxial phacoemulsification in high myopic patients. Retrospective consecutive interventional study. Vissum-Instituto Oftalmologico de Alicante, Spain. PATIENT OR STUDY POPULATION: A total of 439 eyes from 274 high myopic patients with spherical equivalent (SE) >or= 6.00 diopters (D) or axial length >or= 26.00 mm. Mean age 62.2, axial length 27.88 +/- 2.11 mm (26.0 mm to 37.9 mm), SE -13.3 +/- 5.6 (-6.00 D to -46.0 D). Incidence of RD, vitreous loss, and neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) capsulotomy were evaluated after surgery at one, three, six, and 12 months then annually with mean follow-up 61.5 +/- 29.6 months. Incidence of RD was 2.7% (12/439 eyes). In eyes with <or= 50 years of age was 3.65% (three eyes) compared with eyes with > 50 years of age was 2.52% (nine eyes). Cumulative risk of RD development by Kaplan-Meier analysis in all patients was 0.47%, 0.71%, 1.71%, 2.59%, and 3.28% at three, six, 15, 48, and 63 months until 105 months, respectively. In eyes <or= 50 years of age: the risk increases to 1.23% at three months and 4.46% at 63 months until 147 months, whereas eyes with > 50 years of age was 0.58% and 2.96% at six and 52 months until 118 months after cataract surgery, respectively. No significant correlation was found between the occurrence of RD and vitreous loss (P <or= .33) or Nd:YAG capsulotomy (P <or= .50 Chi-square test). The incidence of RD in high myopic patients after coaxial phacoemulsification is 2.7%. A trend toward an increased incidence and risk in patients younger than 50 years of age was detected in this study.