Grid laser treatment for exudative retinal detachment secondary to ischemic branch retinal vein occlusion.

Abstract

To evaluate the effectiveness of macular grid laser photocoagulation (MGLP) in obtaining the reabsorption of exudative retinal detachment (ERD) in patients with ischemic branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Prospective, randomized clinical trial including 31 patients with ERD secondary to ischemic BRVO, who were randomized either to MGLP or to observation. A complete ophthalmologic examination was performed within 7 days of treatment, and was arranged to be repeated regularly every 6 months for 24 months. MGLP was performed using a krypton laser with a spot size of 100 microm at 0.1 second. The main outcome measure was the number of eyes that had gained at least 15 letters at the 24-month examination in the two groups. By the month 24 visit, 40% of the patients in the MGLP group had gained at least three lines of visual acuity as opposed to no patient in the control group. The mean best-corrected visual acuity passed from 20/160 to 20/125 Snellen equivalent in the MGLP group, and from 20/160 to 20/400 Snellen equivalent in the control group at month 24. The difference in the mean reabsorption time was statistically significant (P < 0.001) comparing the treated group with the controls (9.1 versus 15.8 months). Natural history of ERD secondary to ischemic BRVO is poor, and MGLP is able to prevent visual acuity deterioration through a 24-month follow-up.