Incidence and prognosis of sustained arrhythmias in critically ill patients.

Abstract

Sustained arrhythmias are common in postoperative and cardiac intensive care units (ICUs), but their incidence and prognosis in general ICUs have never been reported. To estimate the incidence and prognosis of sustained arrhythmias in a general ICU population. Prospective, multicenter, 1-month inception cohort study. A total of 1,341 patients were included: 12% (163/1,341) had sustained arrhythmias, including 8% (113/1,341) and 2% (30/1,341) with supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, respectively, and 2% (30/1,341) with conduction abnormalities. In-hospital death rates were 17% (205/1,178) in patients without arrhythmia and 29% (33/113) in patients with supraventricular arrhythmias (odds ratio [OR], 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27-3.01), 73% (22/30) in patients with ventricular arrhythmias (OR, 13.20; 95% CI, 5.79-30.10), and 60% (18/30) in patients with conduction abnormalities (OR, 7.46; 95% CI, 3.52-15.82). Neurological sequel rates were 6% (55/973) in arrhythmia-free survivors and 15% (12/80) in survivors with supraventricular arrhythmias (OR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.45-5.89), 38% (3/8) in survivors with ventricular arrhythmias (OR, 7.53; 95% CI, 1.60-35.50), and 17% (2/12) in survivors with conduction abnormalities (OR, 8.77; 95% CI, 1.65-46.57). After adjusting for prognosis factors and propensity scores, ventricular arrhythmias still increased mortality (OR, 3.53; 95% CI, 1.19-10.42) but supraventricular arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities did not. Sustained arrhythmias are observed in 12% of patients admitted to general ICUs. Ventricular arrhythmias increase the risk of death.