Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with obesity.

Abstract

Obesity is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation and other cardiovascular conditions. Our objective was to determine whether catheter-based ablation effectively treated atrial fibrillation in obese patients. Five hundred twenty-three consecutive patients with symptomatic, medication-refractory atrial fibrillation underwent catheter ablation. Patients were grouped by body mass index (lean, < 25 kg/m(2); overweight, 25 to 29.9 kg/m(2); obese, > or = 30 kg/m(2)). Outcome and quality of life were measured with a general health survey (Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form General Health Survey [SF-36]); patients were assessed before ablation and at 3 and 12 months after the procedure. Two hundred twenty-eight study patients (44%) were overweight, and 201 (38%) were obese. Twelve months after curative ablation, 72% of patients were free of atrial fibrillation without the use of antiarrhythmic agents; 84% were arrhythmia free when those receiving medication were included. Atrial fibrillation was eliminated in 75%, 72%, and 70% of the lean, overweight, and obese patients, respectively, at 12 months (P=0.41, trend test). SF-36 scores were lower for patients with higher body mass index (P<0.05) at baseline. SF-36 scores improved in every functional domain for all body mass index groups after ablation. The mean SF-36 total physical score increased from 59+/-20 at baseline to 77+/-19 in 12 months (P<0.001). The total mental health score improved from 66+/-18 to 79+/-16 in 12 months (P<0.001). Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation was effective in obese patients. Coexistence of atrial fibrillation and obesity indicated lower SF-36 scores, but the improvement in quality of life was consistent across all body mass index categories.