Preoperative octreotide treatment in newly diagnosed acromegalic patients with macroadenomas increases cure short-term postoperative rates: a prospective, randomized trial.

Abstract

Surgery is the primary treatment of acromegaly. However, it often fails to cure the patient. New strategies that improve surgical outcome are needed. Our objective was to investigate whether 6-month preoperative treatment with octreotide improves the surgical outcome in newly diagnosed acromegalic patients. During a 5-yr period (1999-2004), all newly diagnosed acromegalic patients between 18 and 80 yr of age in Norway were screened and invited to participate in the study. A total of 62 patients was included in the Preoperative Octreotide Treatment of Acromegaly study. After a baseline evaluation, patients were randomized directly to transsphenoidal surgery (n = 30) or pretreatment with octreotide (n = 32) 20 mg im every 28th day for 6 months before transsphenoidal surgery. Cure was evaluated 3 months postoperatively primarily by IGF-I levels. According to the IGF-I criteria, 14 of 31 (45%) pretreated patients vs. seven of 30 (23%) patients with direct surgery were cured by surgery (P = 0.11). In patients with microadenomas (< or = 10 mm), one of five (20%) pretreated vs. three of five (60%) with direct surgery were cured (P = 0.52). In patients with macroadenomas, 13 of 26 (50%) pretreated vs. four of 25 (16%) with direct surgery were cured (P = 0.017). Six-month preoperative octreotide treatment might improve surgical cure rate in newly diagnosed acromegalic patients with macroadenomas. These results have to be confirmed in future studies.