One-step in situ synthesis and characterization of sponge-like porous calcium phosphate scaffolds using a sol-gel and gel casting hybrid process.

Abstract

In this article, a novel strategy to prepare porous calcium phosphate ceramics using a sol-gel and gel-casting hybrid process is presented. The ceramic foams obtained using this method exhibited sponge-like structure with uniform big pores and small pores distributed on the big pore walls. The sizes of big and small pores were within 500-800 and 50-300 microm, respectively. These kinds of porous calcium phosphate ceramics have shown better property in withstanding machining and better microstructures characterized by a very high degree of interconnection and optimal pore size for osteo-conduction compared with those conventionally fabricated. The signification or importance of this study is reflected by one-step in situ synthesis and the use of a sol-gel and gel casting hybrid process. Organic monomers, foaming agents, and surfactants are not required during this novel porous ceramic fabrication. The precursors themselves act as monomers, foaming agents, and surfactants. These advantages will offer a cheap and simple pathway for industrial manufacture.