Destabilizing and stabilizing forces to assess equilibrium during everyday activities.

Abstract

Postural stability is essential to functional activities. This paper presents a new model of dynamic stability which takes into account both the equilibrium associated with the body position over the base of support (destabilizing force) and the effort the subject needs to produce to keep his/her centre of mass inside the base of support (stabilizing force). The ratio between these two forces (destabilizing over stabilizing) is calculated to provide an overall index of stability for an individual. Preliminary results from data collected during walking at preferred and maximal safe speed in four older adults (aged from 64 to 84yr) showed that both forces are lower for subjects with reduced maximal gait speed. In addition, the stabilizing force increases by 2-3 times from preferred to maximal speed, while the destabilizing force barely changes with gait speed. Overall, the model through the index of stability attributes lower dynamic stability to subjects with lower maximal gait speed. These preliminary results call for larger-scale studies to pursue the development and validation of the model and its application to different functional tasks.