Comparison of two approaches to the surgical management of cochlear implantation.

Abstract

Our study was designed to compare two surgical approaches that are currently employed in cochlear implantation. There were 315 patients who were divided into two groups according to the surgical technique used for implantation. The suprameatal approach (SMA) was followed for 104 patients (107 implantations) in Amsterdam, whereas the mastoidectomy with posterior tympanotomy approach (MPTA) was adhered to for 211 (214 implantations) in Maastricht. The outcome variables of interest were duration of surgery and peri- or postoperative complications. In the SMA group the incidence of major and minor complications was 3.7% (4/107) and 23.4% (25/107), respectively, whereas it was 6.5% (14/214) and 22.4% (48/214), respectively, in the MPTA group. A chi-square statistic of 1.096 (P = .295) and 0.021 (P = .884) for minor and major complications, respectively, indicated no statistically significant differences between the two techniques. Mean duration of surgery was significantly shorter (P < .0005) in the SMA (111.7 minutes) than in the MPTA (132.2 minutes) group. The suprameatal approach is clearly a good alternative to the classical surgery technique for cochlear implantation.