Biologically effective dose-response relationship for breast cancer treated by conservative surgery and postoperative radiotherapy.

Abstract

To find a biologically effective dose (BED) response for adjuvant breast radiotherapy (RT) for initial-stage breast cancer. Results of randomized trials of RT vs. non-RT were reviewed and the tumor control probability (TCP) after RT was calculated for each of them. Using the linear-quadratic formula and Poisson statistics of cell-kill, the average initial number of clonogens per tumor before RT and the average tumor cell radiosensitivity (alpha-value) were calculated. An alpha/beta ratio of 4 Gy was assumed for these calculations. A linear regression equation linking BED to TCP was derived: -ln[-ln(TCP)] = -ln(No) + alpha(*) BED = -4.08 + 0.07 (*) BED, suggesting a rather low radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells (alpha = 0.07 Gy(-1)), which probably reflects population heterogeneity. From the linear relationship a sigmoid BED-response curve was constructed. For BED values higher than about 90 Gy(4) the radiation-induced TCP is essentially maximizing at 90-100%. The relationship presented here could be an approximate guide in the design and reporting of clinical trials of adjuvant breast RT.