Congenital dislocation of the knee in a 16-year-old girl.

Abstract

Congenital dislocation of the knee ranges from hyperextension of the knee to translation of the femur on the tibia. Treatment options include bracing, splinting, manipulation and casting, and surgery. A 16-year-old girl presented with an inability to walk, stand upright, or bend her knees. She exhibited deformity of both lower extremities. She had deformed knees from birth, and they had been put in a cast for 2 months. No other therapeutic measures were taken. The patient walked on her abnormally hyperextended knees and could hyperextend the knees to 150 degrees recurvatum. She was diagnosed with a grade III congenital dislocation of the knee, and a flexion-shortening osteotomy at the distal femur above the trochlear level was performed on her knees in 2 sessions. Postoperatively, range of motion changed from hyperextention to 80 degrees flexion. A femoral supracondylar osteotomy was also performed 2 years later, and as a result, a 15 degrees flexion and 15 degrees valgus were added to the limb. The patient is now able to stand and walk without a knee brace and has 90 degrees passive and 80 degrees active knee flexion on both sides. Congenital dislocation of the knee is a rare congenital disorder. The results of treatment are favorable if started before age 3 months, or sometimes before age 2 years, but there is no effective treatment for older, neglected cases; therefore, we believe this case report demonstrates a novel surgical approach.