Minimally-invasive valve surgery.

Schmitto, Jan D; Mokashi, Suyog A; Cohn, Lawrence H · J Am Coll Cardiol · 2010

review · Level V

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Abstract

Minimally-invasive approaches have become increasingly important in cardiac valve surgery. Smaller incisions have become commonplace in many major centers. We reviewed the existing literature and present the current state-of-the-art of minimally-invasive valve operations in this paper.

Medical subject headings