The role of locking technology in the hand.

Abstract

Locked fixed-angle plating in the hand and wrist helps to optimize outcomes following surgical fixation of select acute fractures and complex reconstructions. Select indications include unstable distal ulna head/neck fractures, periarticular metacarpal and phalangeal fractures, comminuted/multifragmentary diaphyseal fractures with bone loss (ie, combined injuries of the hand), osteopenic/pathologic fractures, nonunions and corrective osteotomy fixation, and small joint arthrodesis. Locked plating techniques in the hand should not be seen as a panacea for wrist and digital acute trauma and delayed reconstructions. An understanding of the biomechanics of fixed-angle plating and proper technical application of locking constructs will optimize outcomes and minimize complications. As clinical experience with locking technology in hand trauma broadens, new indications and applications will emerge. Currently, several systems are available. The specific implants share common features in their protocols for insertion, but unique differences in their design (ie, individual locking mechanisms, uniaxial vs polyaxial locking capability, metallurgy, and plate profiles) must be appreciated and considered preoperatively.