Tumefactive demyelination-an unusual neurological presentation of HIV.

Uriel, Alison; Stow, Rachael; Johnson, Leann; Varma, Anoop; du Plessis, Daniel; Gray, Francois; Herwadkar, Amit; Holland, Jeremy et al. · Clin Infect Dis · 2010

case_series · Level IV

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Abstract

We describe 3 individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus with unusual focal brain syndromes; magnetic resonance imaging revealed "open-ring" pattern space occupying lesions. After deterioration while the patients were receiving anti-Toxoplasma therapy, brain biopsy was performed, which revealed aggressive demyelination consistent with tumefactive demyelination. Treatment with high-dose steroids resulted in complete recovery in all cases.

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