Clinical application and outcome of the internal mammary artery perforator (IMAP) free flap for soft tissue reconstructions of the upper head and neck region in three patients.

Abstract

The fasciocutaneous internal mammary artery perforator (IMAP) island flap allows for superior esthetical and functional skin cover in the head and neck region in combination with limited donor site morbidity. Its modification as a free flap allows reconstruction of more cranial defects. Three IMAP free flaps varying from 7 × 4 cm² to 10 × 6 cm² were transplanted in three patients with a mean age of 59 years (range, 54-69 years). Enhancement of the flap's vascular pedicle at least doubles the diameter of the internal mammary vessels to be anastomosed. Coverage with excellent texture and color match was uneventfully obtained and the flaps' donor sites were primarily closed in all three cases. Our experience proves the consistent feasibility of successful transplantation of the IMAP free flap. Because of its characteristics, we suggest contemplating the use of this flap in the upper head and neck region.