Effective work function modulation of graphene/carbon nanotube composite films as transparent cathodes for organic optoelectronics.

Huang, Jen-Hsien; Fang, Jheng-Hao; Liu, Chung-Chun; Chu, Chih-Wei · ACS Nano · 2011

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

In this study, we found that the work functions (Φ(w)) of solution-processable, functional graphene/carbon nanotube-based transparent conductors were readily manipulated, varying between 5.1 and 3.4 eV, depending on the nature of the doping alkali carbonate salt. We used the graphene-based electrodes possessing lower values of Φ(w) as cathodes in inverted-architecture polymer photovoltaic devices to effectively collect electrons, giving rise to an optimal power conversion efficiency of 1.27%.