High-performance graphene-based transparent flexible heaters.

Kang, Junmo; Kim, Hyeongkeun; Kim, Keun Soo; Lee, Seoung-Ki; Bae, Sukang; Ahn, Jong-Hyun; Kim, Young-Jin; Choi, Jae-Boong et al. · Nano Lett · 2011

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

We demonstrate high-performance, flexible, transparent heaters based on large-scale graphene films synthesized by chemical vapor deposition on Cu foils. After multiple transfers and chemical doping processes, the graphene films show sheet resistance as low as ∼43 Ohm/sq with ∼89% optical transmittance, which are ideal as low-voltage transparent heaters. Time-dependent temperature profiles and heat distribution analyses show that the performance of graphene-based heaters is superior to that of conventional transparent heaters based on indium tin oxide. In addition, we confirmed that mechanical strain as high as ∼4% did not substantially affect heater performance. Therefore, graphene-based, flexible, transparent heaters are expected to find uses in a broad range of applications, including automobile defogging/deicing systems and heatable smart windows.