Sublingual buprenorphine in acute pain management: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Abstract

We compare the efficacy and safety of sublingual buprenorphine versus intravenous morphine sulfate in emergency department adults with acute bone fracture. Enrolled patients received buprenorphine 0.4 mg sublingually or morphine 5 mg intravenously in this double-blind, double-dummy, randomized controlled trial. Patients graded their pain with a standard 11-point numeric rating scale before medication administration and 30 and 60 minutes after, and we recorded adverse reactions. We analyzed 44 and 45 patients in the buprenorphine and morphine groups, respectively. Mean pain scores were similar at 30 minutes (5.0 versus 5.0; difference 0; 95% confidence interval -0.6 to 0.8) and at 60 minutes (2.2 versus 2.2; difference 0; 95% confidence interval -0.3 to 0.3). Adverse effects observed within 30 minutes were nausea (14% versus 12%), dizziness (14% versus 22%), and hypotension (4% versus 18%). For adults with acute fractures, buprenorphine 0.4 mg sublingually is as effective and safe as morphine 5 mg intravenously.