Regeneration of mastoid air cells using polycaprolactone/β-tricalcium phosphate biocomposites: an experimental study.

Abstract

The study aimed to regenerate pneumatic air cells in guinea pig bulla using three-dimenisonal (3D) biocomposite scaffolds consisting of polycaprolactone/β-tricalcium phosphate (PCL/β-TCP). Prospective controlled study in experimental animals. PCL/β-TCP composites were implanted into the bulla with mucosa preservation in group A (n = 10). PCL/β-TCP composites coated with collagen were implanted in group B (n = 10). After 12 weeks, the bullae were extracted and evaluated by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and were processed for histological analyses. In group A, micro-CT showed a well-maintained honeycomb appearance of micropores without obstruction. Regeneration of the mucosa was noted inside the pores of the 3D scaffold. However, partial obstruction of the micropores with new bone formation was evident in group B. Group A showed more satisfactory mucosal regeneration into the micropores. Our results indicate that the 3D scaffold may be amenable for use during mastoidectomy. Further studies for gas exchange in the regenerated mucosa are necessary.