Pulmonary hypertension: chapters of innovation and tribulation.

Abstract

As can be seen by the mounting literature, there has been immense progress in the field of pulmonary hypertension (PH) over the last three decades, illustrated by several important milestones including improved understanding of disease pathogenesis, new classifications of disease, advances in screening and diagnostic techniques, and new rules for staging and follow-up, which have subsequently led to improvements in patient outcomes. The objectives of this manuscript are to not only highlight these very recent advances but also point out areas of deficiencies or gaps in our knowledge that may serve a focal point for future discussion and investigation.