Clinical challenge of hyponatremia in heart failure.

Hauptman, Paul J · J Hosp Med · 2012

review · Level V

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Abstract

Hyponatremia is a significant and independent predictor of outcomes including rehospitalization and mortality in patients with both acute decompensated heart failure (HF) and chronic HF. Even modest degrees of hyponatremia are associated with a poorer prognosis. Treatment options include fluid restriction and the vaptan class ("aquaretics") in select patients.

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