A simplified method for smile enhancement: botulinum toxin injection for gummy smile.
case_series · Level IV
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 22929256.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31825dc32f.
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Abstract
The authors studied and provided treatment to patients with the complaint of gummy smile. Between October of 2009 and January of 2011, 52 unaesthetic smiles were evaluated and treated with onabotulinum toxin A. Botulinum toxin injection was an effective treatment, with an average satisfaction level of 9.75 on a 10-point scale. The levator labii superioris alaeque nasi is the ideal muscle for injection, and lopsided smiles could be resolved also with onabotulinum toxin A asymmetric injection. Gummy smile treatment with onabotulinum toxin A into the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle is an effective method, with minimum risk of complications and very high patient satisfaction.
Medical subject headings
- Botulinum Toxins
- Esthetics
- Patient Satisfaction
- Smiling