SHIV antigen immunization alters patterns of immune responses to SHIV/malaria coinfection and protects against life-threatening SHIV-related malaria.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 23568175.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1093/infdis/jit151 and PMC identifier 3685226.
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Abstract
Whether vaccination against a virus can protect against more virulent coinfection with the virus and additional pathogen(s) remains poorly characterized. Overlapping endemicity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and malaria suggests that HIV/malaria coinfection frequently complicates acute and chronic HIV infection. Here we showed that vaccination of macaques with recombinant Listeria ΔactA prfA* expressing simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) gag and env elicited Gag- and Env-specific T-cell responses, and protected against life-threatening SHIV-related malaria after SHIV/Plasmodium fragile coinfection. SHIV antigen immunization reduced peak viremia, resisted SHIV/malaria-induced lymphoid destruction, and blunted coinfection-accelerated decline of CD4(+) T-cell counts after SHIV/malaria coinfection. SHIV antigen immunization also weakened coinfection-driven overreactive proinflammatory interferon-γ (IFNγ) responses and led to developing T helper cell 17/22 (Th17/Th22) responses after SHIV/malaria coinfection. The findings suggest that vaccination against AIDS virus can alter patterns of immune responses to the SHIV/malaria coinfection and protect against life-threatening SHIV-related malaria.
Medical subject headings
- Antigens, Viral
- Coinfection
- HIV Infections
- Malaria
- Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus