Prophylactic efficacy of oral emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate combination therapy against a tenofovir-resistant simian/human immunodeficiency virus containing the K65R mutation in macaques.
prospective_cohort · Level II
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 23633402.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1093/infdis/jit189 and PMC identifier 3699008.
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Abstract
Daily preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) is a novel strategy for preventing human immunodeficiency virus infection. We investigated in macaques whether FTC/TDF prevents transmission of a tenofovir-resistant simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) containing the K65R mutation. Six macaques received weekly a dose of FTC/TDF 3 days before rectal SHIV exposures and a second dose 2 hours after. Six untreated animals were controls. Animals were exposed rectally to escalating virus doses weekly for up to 28 weeks. PrEP significantly delayed infection with SHIVK65R (P = .028), although 4 of 6 FTC/TDF-treated macaques were infected at the end of the challenges. These findings highlight the need to closely monitor PrEP efficacy in areas with prevalent K65R.
Medical subject headings
- Adenine
- Anti-HIV Agents
- Deoxycytidine
- Drug Resistance, Viral
- HIV
- Organophosphonates
- Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus