Somatic mutations in MLH1 and MSH2 are a frequent cause of mismatch-repair deficiency in Lynch syndrome-like tumors.
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Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 24333619.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.12.002.
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Abstract
Lynch syndrome is caused by germline mutations in the mismatch repair (MMR) genes. Tumors are characterized by microsatellite instability (MSI). However, a considerable number of MSI-positive tumors have no known molecular mechanism of development. By using Sanger and ion semiconductor sequencing, 25 MSI-positive tumors were screened for somatic mutations and loss of heterozygosity in mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) and mutS homolog 2 (MSH2). In 13 of 25 tumors (8 MLH1-deficient and 5 MSH2-deficient tumors), we identified 2 somatic mutations in these genes. We conclude that 2 acquired events explain the MMR-deficiency in more than 50% of the MMR-deficient tumors without causal germline mutations or promoter methylation.
Medical subject headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
- Brain Neoplasms
- Colorectal Neoplasms
- Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis
- Germ-Line Mutation
- MutS Homolog 2 Protein
- Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary
- Nuclear Proteins