Local fasciocutaneous sliding flaps for soft-tissue defects of the dorsum of the hand.

Abstract

Appropriate coverage of defects that expose tendon, joints, and/or neurovascular structures is necessary to preserve optimal hand function. Local, random-pattern flaps and skin grafts may be inadequate because of the hand's finite skin reservoir or the presence of a poorly vascularized and mobile wound bed. Described herein is a novel method of dorsal hand reconstruction. A fasciocutaneous sliding flap and the underlying vascular anatomy of the dorsal hand are described. The flap takes advantage of the distinct fascial layers of the hand by raising the skin and fascia with bilevel undermining. The proposed single-stage, bilevel undermined fasciocutaneous sliding flap based on the perforating vessels running through fascial septae recruits pliable, easily mobilized skin, preserves neurosensory innervation, and facilitates early hand mobilization with reduced postoperative care. This flap, and its proposed variations, are ideal for use when paratenon is exposed and immobilizing the hand would be necessary for graft survival or when tension at the wound precludes reconstruction with primary closure or a traditional flap.